美国对土耳其制裁
美国总统特朗普于2019年10月14日签发一项新的行政命令（EO），旨在冻结对叙利亚目前局势造成影响的（土耳其）特定个人/实体的财产。
该行政令规定，被认定（由美国财政部长与美国国务卿协商确定）为符合下述情况的个人或实体的财产将被冻结：
* 对叙利亚局势造成影响的（详见行政令(1)( i))(a))；或
* 土耳其政府现任或前任官员；或
* 土耳其政府的分支机构、机构或部门；或
* 在美国限定的土耳其经济领域开展业务。
迄今为止，已根据行政命令指认了三名个人以及两个实体。被指定的实体是土耳其共和国能源和自然资源部以及土耳其共和国国防部。
该行政令还规定，如果任何个人/实体被认为存在以下行为，则将受到制裁：
* 向根据本行政命令被冻结财产和财产权益的任何个人/实体提供物质援助、担保或提供财政、物质或技术支助，或向其提供货物或服务或为其提供支助；或
* 直接或间接地，被本行政命令冻结的任何个人/实体所拥有或控制，或已经或者意图为其或代表其行事的。
此外，行政命令第六节规定，禁令包括向根据行政命令冻结的任何个人/实体提供或为其提供任何捐助或资金、货物或服务，以及接受任何此类个人/实体的任何捐助或提供的任何资金、货物或服务。
美国还颁布了三份通用许可证。也许最相关的是通用许可证2号，它授权美国个人/实体在通用许可列明条款规定的11月13日东部标准时间上午12：01之前，完成涉及两个被指定实体或者由一个或者若干类似实体所直接或间接拥有等于或者超过50%利益的实体的运营或者现有合同（于10月14日东部时间上午12：01之前生效的）的逐步关停。
如果外国金融机构在知情的情况下为根据行政命令被指认的任何个人/实体或其代表进行任何重大金融交易或为其提供便利，也可能受到制裁。点击链接查看行政命令全文：https://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/Programs/Documents/syria。
会员可与协会制裁团队sanctions.advice@nepia.com联系，以获得进一步的信息和建议
On 14 October 2019 President Trump issued a new Executive Order (“EO”) blocking property of certain persons contributing to the current situation in Syria.
The EO provides for the property of any person to be blocked who is determined (by the US Secretary of State of the Treasury in consultation with the US Secretary of State) to be:
* Contributing to the situation in Syria (as more fully set out in (1)(i)(A) of the EO); or
* A current or former official of the Govt. of Turkey; or
* A subdivision, agency or instrumentality of the Govt. of Turkey; or
* Operating in such sectors of the Turkish economy as determined by the US.
Thus far three individuals and two entities have been designated under the Executive Order. The entities designated are the Republic of Turkey Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources and the Republic of Turkey Ministry of National Defence.
The EO also provides for the ability to sanction any person deemed to have:
* Materially assisted, sponsored, or provided financial, material, or technological support for, or goods or services to or in support of, any person whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to the EO; or
* To be owned or controlled by, or to have acted or purported to act for or on behalf of, directly or indirectly, any person whose property and interests in property are blocked pursuant to the EO.
Furthermore, the EO sets out at section six, that the prohibitions include the making of any contribution or provision of funds, goods or service by, to, or for the benefit of any person who is blocked under the EO, and the receipt of any contribution or provision of funds, goods, or services from any such person.
The US has also issued three General Licenses. Perhaps most relevant is General License 2 which authorises US persons to complete the wind down of operations or existing contracts – that were in effect prior to 12:01 eastern daylight time on 14 October – involving the two designated entities or any entity in which one or more of such entities own, directly or indirectly, a 50 percent or greater interest, until 12:01am eastern standard time on 13 November, on the terms as set out in the General License.
Foreign financial institutions can also be sanctioned for knowingly conducting or facilitating any significant financial transaction for or on behalf of any person designated under the Executive Order. The EO can be read in full here.
For further information and advice, Members can contact North’s sanctions team at sanctions.advice@nepia.com.
来源：北英保赔协会@2019.10.16
https://www.nepia.com/industry-news/united-states-sanctions-against-turkey/
返回
