莫桑比克—因提供不准确的铬货物申报信息而引发的混淆
来源：北英保赔协会@ 23/08/2018
在马普托港口因铬精矿装货期间的错误申报而造成的混淆。
托运人从莫桑比克出口铬散货时使用多个不同的术语对货物进行描述，因此未能对实际货物进行准确描述，并可能使得船员将货物认定为安全货物，但实际上该类货物存在液化风险。
托运人常用术语有chrome ore, chromite ore, chrome ore concentrate以及chrome concentrate。一些托运人往往交替使用这些术语就好像他们是在描述同类货物，但实际上这些表述指代的是两种截然不同的货物：
1. 铬矿石——一种未加工的货物，在IMSBC规则清单中属于 C类货，即这种货物不存在液化风险。
2. 铬精矿———经过了一定形式加工的矿砂，在IMSBC规则里通常被归类为精矿，是属于存在液化风险的A类货。 根据IMSBC规则，这类货物在申报时需要同时提交实验室试验证书，包括含水量证书（MC）和适运水分极限证书（TML）。
会员应注意货物质量，尤其是货物含水量，不同托运人在描述货物的准确性方面是存在差异的。请在装货前密切核查托运人的申报材料以及所提交的相关货物证书。
据了解，这类货物的堆场往往是无遮挡的，因此会受雨水等多种因素影响，这增加了液化的风险。如果发生很大的降雨，则需确保托运人对货物含水量进行重新测试，并请托运人提供新的证书。
某些托运人提交的TML和MC证书并非完全可靠。船东聘请实验室重新测试的结果往往与托运人提供的信息大不相同。不能完全依赖托运人的测试结果，并且应对任何快速签发的重新测验证书持怀疑态度。
由于A类货可能被错误地申报为C类货，这就要求船员在装货前、装货期间以及整个航程中都保持警惕。在装货期间，船员应核查货舱是否存在飞溅迹象，并根据IMSBC Code要求定期进行can test（罐装测试）。
协会出版物“Hot-Spots”提供简明清晰的液化事故检查和防范要点，请有需要的船长和船员点击链接查看（也可参下文附件）。
如有疑问，欢迎联系协会并建议会员考虑聘请检验人为船长提供协助。
Chrome Cargoes Causing Confusion in Mozambique
Incorrectly declared chrome concentrate bulk cargoes are causing confusion during loading in Maputo.
Shippers exporting chrome-based bulk cargoes from Mozambique are using several different terms to describe the cargo. This has led to inaccuracies in describing the actual cargo and could lead to the ship’s crew thinking a cargo is safe when it is at risk of liquefying.
Terms commonly used by shippers are chrome ore, chromite ore, chrome ore concentrate and chrome concentrate. They have been used interchangeably by some shippers as if they are describing one type of cargo. But in fact, there are two very different types of cargo:
1. Chromite ore – this is an unprocessed commodity and is a listed schedule in the IMSBC Code. It is a Group C cargo which means it should not liquefy.
2. Chrome concentrate – this is an ore that has undergone some form of processing and would ordinarily come under the MINERAL CONCENTRATES schedule in the IMSBC Code. It is a Group A cargo which means there is a risk of liquefaction. For these cargoes the cargo declaration should be accompanied by laboratory test certificates for moisture content (MC) and transportable moisture limit (TML) in accordance with the IMSBC Code.
Members should be aware that cargo quality, with particular regard to moisture content, varies between different shippers as does the accuracy in describing the cargoes. Check very closely the shipper’s declaration and any accompanying certificates prior to loading.
It is understood that stockpiles of these cargoes are uncovered and are therefore exposed to the elements, increasing the risk of liquefaction. If there has been significant rainfall, ensure the shipper re-tests stockpiles for moisture content and they provide new certificates accordingly.
The reliability of TML and MC certification provided has been noted to be suspect from some shippers. Subsequent re-testing by an owner’s appointed laboratory often provides very different results. Do not wholly rely on shippers’ test results and be suspicious of any speedily re-issued test certificates.
The potential for misdeclaring Group A cargoes as Group C highlights the need for the vessel’s crew to remain vigilant before and during the loading process as well as throughout the voyage. During loading, check for signs of splattering in the holds and carry out regular can tests in accordance with IMSBC Code instructions.
Ships’ masters and crews may find our Hot-Spots on liquefaction useful as it provides simple and clear advice on what to check and what to do. Click here to find out more.
If in doubt, contact the club and consider appointing a surveyor to assist the master.
通函内容，请以英文原文为准，汉语翻译仅供参考。 如您对上述内容有任何疑问，新乔十分乐意为您解答并提供帮助。
原文链接：
http://www.nepia.com/insights/industry-news/chrome-cargoes-causing-confusion-in-mozambique/
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