利比亚：涉嫌石油走私的船舶及船员将面临风险
来源：The Shipowners P&I Club
由于船舶在利比亚被扣押以及船员被逮捕的风险增加，协会敦促会员在与利比亚进行交易时谨慎行事。当地局势处于动荡之中。
自2011年卡扎菲政权倒台以及利比亚组建联合国认可的政府以来，非法销售和非法出口石油的行为有所增加。会员可参考协会2018年11月21日通函（https://www.shipownersclub.com/libya-sanctions/）（下附），了解有关针对非法原油出口的国际制裁的更多信息。利比亚政府决心消除石油走私，并为此实施了严格措施。利比亚海军扣押了涉嫌走私石油的船舶并逮捕船员。有报告称，船员们等待案件审理的时间长达数年，而调查正在进行中。
协会为会员提供以下指南，以确保船舶和船员安全。
l 前往利比亚航次的租家应向船东提供担保，保证其石油货物是从利比亚国家石油公司（NOC）购买的，且NOC是唯一合法的石油出口商。
l 货物利益方应向船舶经营人提供能证明其有权从利比亚装载石油的信函或文件。
l 向利比亚运送石油的成品油轮卸货完毕后，应在获准离港后立即驶离利比亚水域，任何航线偏离或船舶延误都会引起走私石油的嫌疑。
l 船舶离港后，应向地中海方向航行，并避免沿利比亚海岸线航行。
利比亚港口现状概述如下：
开放港口：祖瓦拉，法尔瓦，美丽塔，布里，扎维耶，的黎波里，欧胡姆斯，米苏拉塔，艾斯德油，拉斯拉努夫，马萨勃利加，祖韦提奈，班加西，托布鲁克，马尔萨艾尔哈里杰
封闭港口：苏尔特，德尔纳
通函内容，请以英文原文为准，汉语翻译仅供参考。 如您对上述内容有任何疑问，新乔十分乐意为您解答并提供帮助。
Libya: Vessels and crew at risk if suspected of oil smuggling
Members are urged to exercise caution when trading to Libya, due to an increased risk of vessel seizure and crew arrests. The situation is volatile.
Since the fall of the Gaddafi regime in 2011 and the formation of a UN-recognised government in Libya, there has been an increase in illegal sale and export of oil. Members are referred to our circular of [21 November] for further information on international sanctions targeting illicit crude oil exports. The Libyan government is determined to eradicate oil smuggling and has implemented strict measures to this end. Vessels suspected of smuggling oil are seized by the Libyan navy, and the crew arrested. There are reports of crew waiting for years for their cases to be heard, whilst investigations are carried out.
Members are provided with the below guidelines to ensure the safety of their vessels and crew.
l Charterers for voyages to Libya should provide Owners with a guarantee that the cargo of oil has been purchased from the National Oil Corporation (NOC) in Libya, the NOC being the sole legitimate exporter of oil.
l Cargo interests should provide the vessel operator with a letter or document proving their authority to load oil from Libya.
l Product tankers delivering oil to Libya should immediately sail from Libyan waters following discharge and once permission to depart from the port is received, as any deviation or delay can give rise to suspicion of oil smuggling.
l Upon leaving port, vessels should make for the Mediterranean and avoid following the Libyan coastline.
The current status of Libya’s ports, outlined below.
Open ports: Zuwarah, Farwah, Mellitah, Bouri, Zawiya, Tripoli, Al Khoms, Misrata, Es Sider, Ras Lanuf, Marsa El Brega, Zueitina, Benghazi, Tobruk, Marsa El Hariga
Closed ports: Sirte, Derna
来源：https://www.shipownersclub.com/libya-vessels-and-crew-at-risk-if-suspected-of-oil-smuggling/
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