美国对委内瑞拉以及PdVSA (委内瑞拉国家石油公司)制裁升级
来源：Freehill, Hogan and Mahar@2019.04.09
Freehill, Hogan and Mahar近期发布关于委内瑞拉制裁的最新客户警示。
点击链接查看完整内容：https://www.freehill.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/NYDOCS1-503371-v1-Client_Alert_on_PDVSA_4_9_191.pdf。
美国于2019年1月28日将委内瑞拉国家石油公司（以下简称PdVSA）列入美国特别指定国民名单（以下简称SDN名单）。 其直接影响是，通常情况下，美国人被禁止与PdVSA进行任何交易，且PdVSA在美国的所有财产和财产权益都被冻结。这些限制政策也适用于拥有PdVSA 50%或以上股权的所有实体。
美国SDN名单及其本身不具有域外效力；也就是说，将实体命入SDN名单并不自动意味着与该类实体打交道的非美国人将会受到制裁。但是，将实体的名字列入SDN列表可能会对非美国人产生影响，这取决于对SDN列表的指定授权，或取决于某些其他制裁立法是否包含SDN名单。
通函内容，请以英文原文为准，汉语翻译仅供参考。 如您对上述内容有任何疑问，新乔十分乐意为您解答并提供帮助。
Sanctions: U.S. increases pressure on Venezuela and
Petroleos de Venezuela, S.A.
Freehill, Hogan and Mahar have just issued the latest client alert on Venezuelan Sanctions. The full alert can be viewed here.
On January 28, 2019 the U.S. designated Petroleos de Venezuela S.A. (“PdVSA”) to the U.S. Specially Designated Nationals List (“SDN List”). The immediate effect was that U.S. persons were generally prohibited from engaging in any transactions with PdVSA and all of PdVSA’s property and interest in property in the United States were blocked. These restrictions also applied to any entity 50% or more owned by PdVSA.
U.S. SDN List, in and of itself, does not have extraterritorial effect; that is, the naming of an entity to the SDN List does not automatically mean that non-U.S. persons are subject to sanctions if they deal with that entity. However, depending on the authorization under which the designation to the SDN List was made, or depending on whether certain other sanctions legislation incorporates the SDN List, the naming of an entity to the SDN List can impact non-U.S. persons.
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