美国采取进一步制裁措施对委内瑞拉施压
上海新乔保险经纪提示：
2019年8月5日，美国总统特朗普发布第13884号行政命令。该行政命令将“委内瑞拉政府”列为制裁目标并冻结其在美国所有资产和财产。该行政令同时禁止“委内瑞拉政府”使用美国金融体系。值得注意的是，行政令特别禁止美国个人/实体参与涉及委内瑞拉国家及委内瑞拉人的任何交易。如果非美国个人/实体被认定为提供“实质性”援助或提供货物或服务以支持委内瑞拉政府、其代理机构及其持有50%或者更多利益的任何实体，那么该个人/实体在美资产可能被冻结。
针对所有为逐步关停2019年8月5日之前生效的涉及委内瑞拉政府的活动、合同或其他协议普通事件而进行的必要且普通的交易以及活动，第28号通用许可证设置截止日期为2019年9月4日宽限期。根据其他通用许可证规定，涉及Citgo、雪佛龙和Nynas的特定交易会在特定时期内得到制裁豁免。
由于委内瑞拉制裁，协会建议与委内瑞拉进行交易的会员谨慎行事，尤其强烈建议会员不要参与涉及委内瑞拉石油部门的活动。
涉及制裁，内容非常重要，请有涉及制裁委内瑞拉贸易活动的朋友注意查阅各自保赔协会的通函，密切关注相关制裁措施具体内容，保持审慎态度处理相关事务。
我们将相关文件&通函链接整理如下：
Freehill Hogan & Mahar
LLP (Freehills) advice： http://www.freehill.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/NYDOCS1-509645-v1-Client_Alert_on_Venezuela_-_Executive_Order_138841.pdf
Executive Order 13884： https://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/Programs/Documents/13884.pdf
US Department of the
Treasury Venezuela FAQs： http://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/faqs/Sanctions/Pages/faq_other.aspx#venezuela
The London P&I Club: US
Sanctions -Venezuela oil trade by non-US entities：https://www.londonpandi.com/knowledge/news-alerts/us-sanctions-venezuela-government-agencies-and-entities-targeted-in-new-executive-order-13884/
The West P&I Club:U.S.
increases sanction against Venezuela： https://www.westpandi.com/publications/sanctions/u-s-increases-sanctions-against-venezuela/
The Skuld P&I Club:
Venezuela Sanctions-increase scope: https://www.skuld.com/topics/legal/sanctions/venezuela/venezuela-sanctions--increased-scope/
针对委内瑞拉制裁政策不断更新和变化，建议在开展任何涉及制裁区域的航次之前，进行额外制裁合规调查，谨慎核查贸易行为的所有合作方是否涉及制裁名单，包括并不限于租家、代理、港口、银行等等，确保自身遵守制裁禁令，同时谨慎建议保存所有核查证据，有助于帮助您对抗相关方检查；将航程相关信息报告给协会，以获得制裁核查协助以及相应指导。
来源： The UK P&I Club @ 2019.08.08
美国总统特朗普于2019年8月5日星期一发布第13884号行政命令，行政令对委内瑞拉政府在美资产或其由任何美国个人/实体拥有或控制的资产进行冻结。
Freehill Hogan&Mahar LLP在最新客户警报中澄清，任何美国个人/实体原则上不得与委内瑞拉政府、其代理机构或政府拥有或控制的任何实体进行任何交易。
此外，如果非美国个人/实体被认定为提供“实质性援助”或提供货物或服务以支持委内瑞拉政府、其代理机构及其持有50%或者更多利益的任何实体，那么该个人/实体在美资产可能被冻结。上述非美国个人/实体包括PdVSA。
在这种情况下（食品、药品和衣服仍得到豁免），对于 “实质性援助”的定义存在不确定性。 值得注意的是，行政令目的在于对委内瑞拉政府施加尽可能多的制裁措施，因此美国政府可能会激进性地解释“物质援助”，而船东也将相应受到制裁政策的影响。
鉴于上述情况，如果会员考虑参与的贸易涉及委内瑞拉政府、其代理机构及其拥有50％或更多股份的实体（包括PdVSA），那么协会建议会员阅读附件通函以及美国行政令，并对贸易风险进行审慎考量。
点击此查看行政命令https://www.treasury.gov/resource-center/sanctions/Programs/Documents/13884.pdf
US Department of the
Treasury Venezuela。 如果会员上述议题进展有任何疑问，请联系协会常用联系人
通函内容，请以英文原文为准，汉语翻译仅供参考。如您对上述内容有任何疑问，新乔十分乐意为您解答并提供帮助。
U.S. steps up pressure on Venezuela
with further sanction measures
On Monday 5 August, 2019, President Trump issued
Executive Order 13884, effectively blocking the assets of the Government of
Venezuela in the United States or in the possession and control of any United
States person.
In their latest Client Alert, Freehill Hogan &
Mahar LLP go on to clarify that any United States persons are essentially
prohibited from engaging in any transactions with the Government of Venezuela,
its agencies, or any entity that government owns or controls.
In addition, non-U.S. persons may have their assets in
the United States blocked if they are determined to have “materially assisted”
or supplied goods or services in support of the Government of Venezuela, its
agencies and any entity in which it holds a 50% or greater interest. This
includes PdVSA.
There is uncertainty as to what constitutes as
“material assistance” in this case (food, medicine and clothing continue to be
exempt). It is worth noting that the EO is designed to be as forceful as
possible towards the Venezuelan Government, therefore “material assistance” may
be interpreted by the U.S. aggressively and expose shipowners to sanctions
accordingly.
In light of the above, Members who consider trade that
involves the Government of Venezuela, its agencies and any entity in which it
holds a 50% or greater interest, including PdVSA, are advised by the Club to
read the attached client alert, as well as the U.S Executive Order and
carefully evaluate the risk of doing so.
The Executive Order is available to view here. If
Members have any questions regarding the above development, they should get in
touch with their usual Club contact.
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